{"err":null,"data":[{"aliases":["k","ket","kitty","kittens"],"categories":["dissociative","habit-forming","common"],"combos":{"2c-t-x":{"status":"Low Risk & Synergy"},"2c-x":{"status":"Low Risk & Synergy"},"5-meo-xxt":{"status":"Low Risk & Synergy"},"alcohol":{"note":"Both substances cause ataxia and bring a very high risk of vomiting and unconsciousness. If the user falls unconscious while under the influence there is a severe risk of vomit aspiration if they are not placed in the recovery position.","status":"Dangerous"},"amphetamines":{"note":"No unexpected interactions, though likely to increase blood pressure but not an issue with sensible doses. Moving around on high doses of this combination may be ill advised due to risk of physical injury.","status":"Caution"},"amt":{"status":"Low Risk & Synergy"},"benzodiazepines":{"note":"Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position.","status":"Caution"},"caffeine":{"note":"No unexpected interactions.","status":"Low Risk & No Synergy"},"cannabis":{"status":"Low Risk & Synergy"},"cocaine":{"note":"No unexpected interactions, though likely to increase blood pressure but not an issue with sensible doses. Moving around on high doses of this combination may be ill advised due to risk of physical injury.","status":"Caution"},"dextromethorphan":{"note":"Both substances primarily exert their effects through NMDA antagonism. Currently, there is no evidence regarding mechanisms that might reduce these effects.","sources":[{"author":"Jeanna M. Marraffa","title":"Dextromethorphan","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-824315-2.00127-5"},{"author":"Georges Mion, Thierry Villevieille","title":"Ketamine Pharmacology: An Update (Pharmacodynamics and Molecular Aspects, Recent Findings)","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cns.12099"},{"author":"P. Klepstad, P. C. Borchgrevink","title":"Four years' treatment with ketamine and a trial of dextromethorphan in a patient with severe post-herpetic neuralgia","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-6576.1997.tb04709.x"},{"author":"Stephen M. Stahl","title":"Mechanism of action of dextromethorphan/quinidine: comparison with ketamine","url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S109285291300062X"},{"author":"A M Hughes,1 J Rhodes,1 G Fisher,2 M Sellers,3 and J W Growcott1","title":"Assessment of the effect of dextromethorphan and ketamine on the acute nociceptive threshold and wind-up of the second pain response in healthy male volunteers","url":"https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2125.2002.01602.x"},{"author":"Keiji Tabuchi, MD, Zenya Ito, MD, Shigeki Tsuji, MD, Akira Hara, MD, Tetsuro Wada, MD, Jun Kusakari, MD","title":"Effect of Ketamine, Dextromethorphan, and MK-801 on Cochlear Dysfunction Induced by Transient Ischemia","url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/000348940211100107"}],"status":"Low Risk & Synergy"},"dmt":{"status":"Low Risk & Synergy"},"dox":{"note":"Ketamine and psychedelics tend to potentiate each other - go slowly.","status":"Low Risk & Synergy"},"ghb/gbl":{"note":"Both substances cause ataxia and bring a risk of vomiting and unconsciousness. If the user falls unconscious while under the influence there is a severe risk of vomit aspiration if they are not placed in the recovery position.","status":"Dangerous"},"lsd":{"status":"Low Risk & Synergy"},"maois":{"note":"MAO-B inhibitors appear to increase the potency of Ketamine. MAO-A inhbitors have some negative reports associated with the combination but there isn't much information available","status":"Caution"},"mdma":{"note":"No unexpected interactions, though likely to increase blood pressure but not an issue with sensible doses. Moving around on high doses of  this combination may be ill advised due to risk of physical injury.","status":"Low Risk & Synergy"},"mescaline":{"status":"Low Risk & Synergy"},"mushrooms":{"status":"Low Risk & Synergy"},"mxe":{"status":"Low Risk & Synergy"},"nbomes":{"status":"Low Risk & Synergy"},"nitrous":{"status":"Low Risk & Synergy"},"opioids":{"note":"Both substances bring a risk of vomiting and unconsciousness. If the user falls unconscious while under the influence there is a severe risk of vomit aspiration if they are not placed in the recovery position.","status":"Dangerous"},"pcp":{"status":"Low Risk & Synergy"},"ssris":{"status":"Low Risk & No Synergy"},"tramadol":{"status":"Dangerous"}},"dose_note":" NOTE: Ketamine is based on weight. These are figures for the average 150 pound male There is no concrete dose for the \"K-Hole\" as each user is different.","formatted_aftereffects":{"_unit":"hours","value":"1-2"},"formatted_dose":{"Insufflated":{"Common":"50-125mg","Heavy":"175-250mg","Light":"20-50mg","Strong":"125-175mg","Threshold":"5-10mg"}},"formatted_duration":{"_unit":"hours","value":"1-2"},"formatted_effects":["A feeling of drunkenness and well being at low doses","As dose increases the user may begin to feel a disconnection from their body","At 'khole' doses the user may become completely disconnected from both body and mind"],"formatted_onset":{"_unit":"minutes","Insufflated":"7.5-20","Intramuscular":"2-7.5","Intravenous":"0-2","Oral":"10-75"},"links":{"experiences":"https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Ketamine.shtml"},"name":"ketamine","pretty_name":"Ketamine","properties":{"after-effects":"1-2 hours","aliases":["k","ket","kitty","kittens"],"avoid":"Driving. Moving and walking if possible. Mixing with other depressants like alcohol, benzos and opiates.","categories":["dissociative","habit-forming","common"],"dose":"Insufflated Threshold: 5-10mg Light: 20-50mg Common: 50-125mg Strong: 125-175mg Heavy: 175-250mg | NOTE: Ketamine is based on weight. These are figures for the average 150 pound male There is no concrete dose for the \"K-Hole\" as each user is different.","duration":"1-2 hours","effects":"A feeling of drunkenness and well being at low doses. As dose increases the user may begin to feel a disconnection from their body. At 'khole' doses the user may become completely disconnected from both body and mind.","molecule":"http://wiki.tripsit.me/images/7/76/Ketamine.png","onset":"Insufflated: 7.5-20 minutes | Oral: 10-75 minutes | Intramuscular: 2-7.5 minutes | Intravenous: 0-2 minutes","summary":"A short acting dissociative anaesthetic and hallucinogen commonly used in emergency medicine. It is the prototypical dissociative, and is widely used at sub-anesthetic doses recreationally. Small doses are comparable with alcohol, while larger doses are immobilising and lead to psychedelic experiences: the \"K-Hole.\""},"pweffects":{"Acuity suppression":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_suppression","Amnesia":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia","Analysis enhancement":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement","Anxiety suppression":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression","Auditory distortion":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion","Auditory enhancement":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement","Auditory hallucinations":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations","Auditory suppression":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_suppression","Autonomous entities":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities","Compulsive redosing":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing","Conceptual thinking":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking","Consciousness disconnection":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Consciousness_disconnection","Déjà vu":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_vu","Depersonalization":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depersonalization","Derealization":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Derealization","Disinhibition":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition","Dizziness":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness","Double vision":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Double_vision","Environmental cubism":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Environmental_cubism","Environmental orbism":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Environmental_orbism","External hallucinations":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/External_hallucinations","Frame rate suppression":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Frame_rate_suppression","Geometry":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry","Immersion enhancement":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement","Information processing suppression":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression","Internal hallucinations":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations","Memory suppression":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression","Motor control loss":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss","Nausea":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea","Pattern recognition suppression":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_suppression","Perception of decreased weight":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perception_of_decreased_weight","Personal bias suppression":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression","Perspective alterations":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations","Perspective distortions":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_distortions","Physical autonomy":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_autonomy","Physical euphoria":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria","Scenarios and plots":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots","Scenery slicing":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing","Settings, sceneries, and landscapes":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes","Spontaneous tactile sensations":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations","Subconscious communication":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Subconscious_communication","Suggestibility enhancement":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Suggestibility_enhancement","Synaesthesia":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Synaesthesia","Tactile disconnection":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_disconnection","Tactile suppression":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_suppression","Thought deceleration":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration","Time distortion":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion","Unity and interconnectedness":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unity_and_interconnectedness","Visual disconnection":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_disconnection","Visual sliding":"https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_sliding"},"sources":{"_general":["Comparative and interactive human psychopharmacologic effects of ketamine and amphetamine: implications for glutamatergic and dopaminergic model ps.. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16143730","The effect of ketamine on opioid-induced acute tolerance: can it explain reduction of opioid consumption with ketamine-opioid analgesic combinations - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11094005","Subanesthetic ketamine infusion therapy: a retrospective analysis of a novel therapeutic approach to complex regional pain syndrome - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15367304","Effects of ketamine on precipitated opiate withdrawal - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16963828","Low-dose ketamine with multimodal postcesarean delivery analgesia: a randomized controlled trial - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21224020","Chronic ketamine exposure induces permanent impairment of brain functions in adolescent cynomolgus monkeys - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23145560","GLYX-13, a NMDA receptor glycine-site functional partial agonist, induces antidepressant-like effects without ketamine-like side effects - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23303054","From \"Special K\" to \"Special M\": the evolution of the recreational use of ketamine and methoxetamine - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23421859","Daily oral ketamine for the treatment of depression and anxiety in patients receiving hospice care: a 28-day open-label proof-of-concept trial - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23805864","Brain damages in ketamine addicts as revealed by magnetic resonance imaging - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23882190","Antidepressant efficacy of ketamine in treatment-resistant major depression: a two-site randomized controlled trial - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23982301","Are sexes affected differently by ketamine? An exploratory study in ketamine users - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24106975","Therapeutic infusions of ketamine: do the psychoactive effects matter - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24480515","The absolute bioavailability of racemic ketamine from a novel sublingual formulation - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24977293","The mood stabilizer lithium potentiates the antidepressant-like effects and ameliorates oxidative stress induced by acute ketamine in a mouse model.. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25548109","The promise of ketamine for treatment-resistant depression: current evidence and future directions - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25649308","Antidepressants do not increase the lethality of ketamine in mice - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6849728","Effect of ketamine, an NMDA receptor inhibitor, in acute and chronic orofacial pain - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7659431","Ketamine and norketamine plasma concentrations after i.v., nasal and rectal administration in children - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8881626","Tissue distribution of ketamine in a mixed drug fatality - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9397567","[From the racemate to the eutomer: (S)-ketamine. Renaissance of a substance?] - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9451486","Chronic abuse has led to a case of kidney and liver damage http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24982568","ketamine in the hospital setting can raise blood pressure and is something to be considered when using it: \"Emergency care in the streets\"","Ketamine shows promise in treating suicidal ideation in patients with depression - http://www.biologicalpsychiatryjournal.com/article/S0006-3223(09)00519-8/abstract"]}}]}